Issue 64
Prairie Grains

Library

Home

E-Mail

Back

Prairie Grains is the official publication of the Minnesota Association of Wheat Growers, North Dakota Grain Growers Association, Montana Grain Growers Association and South Dakota Wheat, Inc.

Copyright Prairie Grains Magazine
Nov/Dec  2004

Preliminary 2005 North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Selection Guide

Compiled by Dr. Joel K. Ransom, Extension Agronomist and Brian Sorenson, Extension Wheat Quality Specialist

Wheat varieties are tested each year at multiple sites throughout North Dakota. The relative performance of these varieties are shown in table form. Variety performance data are used to provide variety recommendations to producers.

Some varieties may not be included in the tables due to insufficient testing, lack of seed availability, or they offer no yield or disease advantage over similar varieties.  Additional data from county sites are available online at www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/aginfo/variety/index.htm and from each research and extension center. Descriptions of the most commonly grown varieties in the region are included for information purposes.  To decrease the potential of making errors when choosing a variety, it is best to use data combined from multiple locations and years.

Importance of  End-use Quality
Hard Red Spring wheat from the Northern Great Plains is known around the world for its excellent end-use quality.  Millers and bakers look at many factors in determining the quality and value of the wheat they purchase. Several key parameters are:  high test weight (for optimum milling yield and flour color), high falling number (>300 seconds indicates minimal sprout damage), high protein content (the majority of HRS export markets want at least 14% protein) and excellent protein quality (for superior bread making quality as indicated by traditional strong gluten proteins, high baking absorption and large bread loaf volume).

Millers and bakers are gaining a better understanding of their individual needs for consistent, high quality wheat and flour to succeed in a very competitive industry. Wheat buyers are becoming increasingly sophisticated in their ability to test and source for quality.  The U.S. grain trade is receiving requests for adding functional performance specifications to purchase contracts, in an effort to obtain more consistent end-use performance.  The majority of HRS wheat buyers are looking for traditional strong gluten properties (Farinogram rating of 6-7); however, there are instances where processors are looking for specific quality parameters, providing marketing alternatives for the wheat you produce.

Instead of placing an overall quality factor on varieties, we ask that you take the time to look at the milling and baking performance data on tables 3 and 4, in addition to the agronomic data when you select your varieties.  Also, check with grain elevators in your area to see if there is a demand for specific HRS varieties or performance properties that would bring additional value to your crop.

2004 U.S. Grain Production Stats
All wheat production is estimated at 2.16 billion bushels in 2004, down 8% from 2003.

Total grain area is estimated at 50.2 million acres, down 5% from last year. The U.S. yield is estimated at 43.1 bushels per acre, down 1.1 bushels from a year ago. U.S. winter wheat production was estimated down 13% from last year, spring wheat up 8%, and durum down 6%.

U.S. oat production was estimated at 117 million bushels, down 19% from 2003, though record high yields are estimated in South Dakota and Washington. Harvested area was 1.81 million acres, the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, continuing a steady downward trend.

U.S. barley production was estimated at 280 million bushels, up 1% from last year. Nationally, harvested area at 4.03 million acres is down 15% from 2003 and is the smallest since 1894. However, yield at 69.5 bushels/acre is a new record high, 7 bushels above the previous record of 62.5 bushels set in 1992.

USDA 2004 Small Grains Summary

Alsen Leads ND Wheat Acreage in ’04
For the third consecutive year, Alsen was the leading spring wheat variety in North Dakota with 28.9% of the planted acreage, according to the N.D. Ag Statistics Service. Reeder was second, Briggs and Knudson jumped from twelfth and fourteenth in 2003 to third and fifth, respectively. Parshall falls to fourth in 2004 from third last year. These top five varieties accounted for 63.6% of the planted acreage.

Lebsock and Mountrail were ranked first and second, respectively, in North Dakota durum planted acreage. Ben fell to third place after leading for five consecutive years.  These top three varieties made up 69.4% of the planted acreage.

Jerry has 28.3% of the 2004 winter wheat acreage in N.D., followed in order by Wesley, Ransom, Crimson, Elkhorn and Roughrider. These top six varieties were 64.8% of the planted acreage. This year there were more acres in North Dakota planted with winter wheat than in any year since 1990.

Spring Wheat Varieties: Percent of Total Planted - North Dakota, 2004

wheatchart03

 

The Authors and Contributors
Information in these tables is based on research conducted by the following experiment station scientists, plant breeders, cereal chemists, and plant pathologists: B. Schatz – Carrington; S. Zwinger – Carrington; P. Carr – Dickinson; E. Eriksmoen – Hettinger; M. Halvorson – Minot; B. Hanson – Langdon; N. Riveland – Williston; T. Friesen – USDA; R. Stack - Plant Pathology; M. McMullen - Ext. Plant Pathology; M. Mergoum - HRSW Breeder; S. Ali - Plant Pathology; T. Olson - Cereal Science; J. Rasmussen - Plant Pathology

--------------------------------------

Table 1. 2003 analytical milling and baking data from field plot variety trials at Carrington, Casselton, Dickinson, Langdon, Minot and Williston. Analyses Conducted at the NDSU Hard Red Spring Wheat Quality Laboratory

 

Test

Protein

Vitreous

Falling

Farinogram*

Mixing

Baking

Loaf

Variety

Weight

(12% MB)

Kernels

Number

Classification

Tolerance

Absorption

Volume

 

(lb/bu)

(%)

(%)

(seconds)

(1-8)

(minutes)

(%)

(cc)

Alsen

61.6

15.0

88

404

6.9

19.8

65.9

1089

Briggs

61.9

14.8

90

448

5.9

15.3

65.4

994

Dapps

60.7

16.3

93

409

7.1

20.7

66.5

1115

Granger

61.8

14.7

89

424

6.3

20.1

66.8

1031

Granite

63.2

16.0

90

345

7.4

17.3

65.3

1086

Gunner

62.1

15.7

91

454

6.3

16.7

65.4

1021

Hanna

61.6

14.5

89

422

7

22.3

64.0

1068

Ingot

63.1

14.8

83

439

6.3

17.9

64.2

1074

Keystone

61.9

14.1

72

414

6.3

19.4

63.0

1001

Knudson

61.4

14.0

74

428

7.1

22.9

64.0

1019

Norpro

60.4

14.6

89

438

5.6

15.4

66.1

1017

Oxen

60.8

14.5

85

418

7.1

23.2

64.6

1054

Parshall

61.9

14.8

94

400

6.7

22.6

65.8

1092

Reeder

60.7

14.6

91

407

6.1

17.6

65.5

1034

Russ

61.2

14.5

83

412

6.3

17.5

65.9

1032

Steele-ND

61.9

15.2

88

413

6.4

16.3

67.7

1086

* Scale 1 to 8 where 1= weak and 8= very strong dough mixing properties with 6 considered to be optimum for most end users.

Table 2. Analytical milling and baking data from field plot variety trials, average of 2002-2003.  Hard Red Spring Wheat Quality Laboratory, NDSU Department of Cereal and Food Sciences

Variety

Test
Weight

Vitreous Kernels

Falling Number

Protein
(14% MB)

Mix Tolerance

Farinogram* Classification

Baking
Absorption

Loaf
Volume

 

(lb/bu)

(%)

(seconds)

(%)

(Min.)

(1-8)

(%)

(cc)

Alsen

60.7

83

393

15.6

22.6

7.0

66.6

1128

Briggs

60.4

80

443

15.3

17.6

6.1

65.8

1028

Granite

61.9

84

330

16.4

19.1

7.6

66.1

1104

Gunner

60.6

81

435

16.0

19.1

6.4

66.8

1059

Hanna

60.4

81

424

14.9

25.6

7.2

64.5

1112

Ingot

61.7

71

398

15.1

18.6

6.3

64.6

1123

Keystone

60.5

61

394

14.5

22.1

6.7

63.5

1032

Knudson

60.2

71

400

14.6

26.9

7.2

65.3

1050

Norpro

59.4

82

405

15.1

17.7

5.9

66.8

1065

Oxen

58.8

69

399

14.9

25.8

7.2

64.6

1102

Parshall

60.8

89

394

15.3

23.2

6.8

65.6

1150

Reeder

59.8

84

394

15.1

17.2

6.1

65.2

1079

Russ

59.3

74

399

14.8

19.6

6.6

65.8

1083

* Scale 1 to 8 where 1= weak and 8 = very strong dough mixing properties with 6 considered to be optimum for most end users.

Table 3. 2004 North Dakota hard red spring wheat variety description table agronomic traits

Variety

Agent
or
Origin1

Year
Released

Beard

Height

Straw Strength

Maturity

------------------ Reaction to Disease2-----------------

 ----Quality Factors-----

Stem
Rust

Leaf
Rust

Foliar
Disease

Root
Rot

Head
(Scab)

Test Weight

Wheat
Protein

2375

NDSURF

1990

yes

sdwf

med

m.early

R-MR

S

S

M

MS*

high

avg.

AC Intrepid

Canterra

1999

no

med

med

med

R

MR

MS

M

S

avg.

avg.

AC Amazon

Can

2001

no

med/tall

med

med

R

S

MS

NA

MS

--

--

AC Superb

Can

2001

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

R

S

S

M

S

avg

avg.

AC Abbey

Canterra

1999

yes

med

med

m.early

R

NA

NA

M

S

--

--

Alsen

ND

2000

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

R

MR

S

M

MR

high

avg.

Amidon

ND

1988

yes

med

med

med

R

MR

M

MR

S

high

avg.

Argent3

ND

1998

yes

sdwf

strg

early

R

S

S

M

S

high

avg.

Aurora

N. Star G.

1999

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

R

NA

S

NA

S

low

low

Banton

Trigen

2004

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

--

--

Briggs

SD

2002

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

R-MR

R

MS

S

S

avg.

avg.

Butte 86

ND

1986

yes

med

m.strg.

early

R

MS

MS

MS

MS

high

avg.

Choteau

MT

2004

yes

sdwf

NA

m.early

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

--

--

Dandy

N. Star G.

1998

yes

sdwf

v.strg.

early

R

S

MS

M

S

high

avg.

Dapps

NDSU

2003

yes

sdwf

med

m.early

R

R

S

M

MS

low

high

Forge

SD

1997

yes

sdwf

m.strg.

early

R

S

MR

MS

MS

high

low

Freyr

AgriPro

2004

yes

sdwf

strong

med

NA

MR

NA

NA

NA

avg.

avg.

Glupro

ND

1995

yes

tall

med

m.late

R

MS

S

NA

VS

avg.

v.high

Grandin

ND

1989

yes

sdwf

strg.

early

R

S

S

M

S

high

avg.

Granger

SD

2004

yes

sdwf

m.strg.

m.early

NA

R

NA

NA

NA

--

--

Granite

WestBred

2002

yes

sdwf

v.strg

m.late

R-MR

MR

S

NA

MS

high

high

Gunner

AgriPro

1995

yes

med

m.strg.

med

R-MR

S

M

S

M

high

high

Hagar

AgriPro

1998

yes

sdwf

strg.

med

R

MS/MR

M

M

S

avg.

low

Hanna

AgriPro

2002

yes

med

med

m.early

MR/MS

MS/MR

MS

MS

MS

high

avg.

HJ98

MN

1998

yes

sdwf

strg.

m.early

R

S

MS

MR

S

avg.

low

Ingot

SD

1998

yes

sdwf

med

early

R

S

S

M

MS*

high

avg.

Ivan

AgriPro

1999

yes

sdwf

v.strg.

med

R

MR

S

M

S

high

low

Keystone

WPB

2001

yes

med

med

m.early

R

MR

S

S

MS

high

low

Knudson

AgriPro

2001

yes

sdwf

strg

med

MR/MS

MR

M

MS

M

high

avg.

Laser

Canada

1997

yes

med

NA

m.early

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

low

avg.

McKenzie

Cenex

1998

yes

med

med

m.early

R

MR

S

M

S

high

avg.

McNeal

 MT 

1995

 yes

 med

   strg.  

  m.early 

MS

S

M

M

VS

avg.

avg.

McVey

MN

1999

yes

med

med

med

R

MS

S

M

M

low

low

Mercury

N. Star G.

1999

yes

sdwf

strg

m.early

R

MS

S

S

S

avg.

low

Norpro

AgriPro

1999

yes

sdwf

strg

med

R

MS/MR

M

M

MS

avg.

low

Oklee

MN

2003

yes

sdwf

med

m.early

R

MS

MR

NA

NA

high

avg.

Oxen

SD

1996

yes

sdwf

strg.

m.early

MR

MS

S

MS

S

avg.

avg.

Parshall

ND

1999

yes

med

strg.

m.early

MR

MS

M

MS

M

high

avg.

Polaris†

N. Star G.

2003

yes

med

strg.

late

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

low/avg.

low

Prodigy

Sask. Wht Pl

1999

yes

med

med

med

MR

MS

S

M

MS

avg.

high

Reeder

ND

1999

yes

sdwf

strg.

m.early

R

MS

M

M

S

high

avg.

Russ

SD

1995

yes

 med

med

m.early

R

MS

S

MS

S*

avg.

avg.

Saturn†

N.Star G.

2003

yes

med

NA

m.late

NA

NA

S

NA

NA

low

avg.

Steele-ND†

ND

2004

yes

sdwf

med

med

R

R

NA

NA

MR/MS

high

avg.

Trenton

ND

1995

yes

  med

med

med

R

MS

MS

S

S*

high

avg.

Trooper†

WestBred

2004

yes

sdwf

strong

m.early

RA

MS

NA

NA

NA

high

low

Walworth

SD

2001

yes

sdwf

med

m.early

R

S

S

M

S

avg.

low

1 Refers to agent or developer: NDSURF = North Dakota State University Research Foundation; CDC = Crop Development Center, University of Saskatchewan; Can = Agriculture Canada.; N. Star G.= North Star Genetics.  2 R = resistant; MR = moderately resistant; M = intermediate; MS = moderately susceptible; S = susceptible; VS = very Susceptible. * Yield and/or quality often higher than expected based on visual head blight symptoms. 3 Argent is a hard white wheat with good bread making qualities. 4  MR in artificially induced epidemics. 5  M in artificially induced epidemics.  6 MS in artificially induced epidemics. Bold varieties are those released in 2004. † Based on limited testing, rating may change.

 

Table 4. Yield of hard red spring wheat at three locations in Eastern North Dakota, 2004

Variety

Casselton
Yield

Carrington
Yield

Langdon
Yield

Average, Eastern ND
Yield

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

 

------------------------------------------------- Yield (bu/A) --------------------------------------------------------

2375

88.3

67.6

59.7

59.8

--

--

--

--

AC Amazon

83.9

61.6

50.9

--

64.1

63.2

66.3

--

AC Superb

76.9

57.2

47.3

50.6

63.0

70.0

62.4

59.3

Alsen

87.6

63.2

60.7

58.8

66.1

65.8

71.5

62.6

Amidon

74.1

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

Banton

90.5

--

59.6

--

64.3

--

71.5

--

Briggs

95.4

72.3

77.6

69.2

75.3

72.7

82.8

71.4

Dapps

85.9

--

59.6

--

67.2

--

70.9

--

Freyr

90.0

--

59.0

--

68.2

--

72.4

--

Grandin

--

--

43.0

47.8

--

--

--

--

Granger

--

--

68.8

--

66.9

--

--

--

Granite

83.7

60.0

58.9

57.7

65.6

66.9

69.4

61.5

Gunner

78.0

56.7

52.7

52.3

59.9

62.5

63.5

57.2

Hanna

90.1

61.8

58.6

54.0

77.5

75.4

75.4

63.7

HJ98

96.0

72.7

--

--

75.6

74.5

--

--

Ingot

79.6

64.2

48.8

51.8

61.6

64.0

63.3

60.0

Keystone

--

--

65.7

61.6

67.7

67.3

--

--

Knudson

95.3

69.2

72.2

64.8

66.4

70.3

78.0

68.1

Mercury

--

--

65.2

64.1

62.8

71.0

--

--

Norpro

98.2

61.1

58.3

62.3

73.0

70.4

76.5

64.6

Oklee

87.5

--

67.0

--

65.0

--

73.2

--

Oxen

92.1

69.0

51.6

56.6

59.8

66.7

67.8

64.1

Parshall

89.2

67.7

54.7

58.1

63.6

69.6

69.2

65.1

Polaris

96.8

--

54.4

--

70.1

70.1

73.8

--

Reeder

92.0

69.0

46.6

54.2

67.2

71.7

68.6

65.0

Russ

93.2

70.2

61.4

59.3

61.9

71.1

72.2

66.9

Saturn

95.3

--

59.9

--

65.2

64.6

73.5

--

Steele-ND

92.6

--

78.1

69.8

70.0

70.6

80.2

--


Table 5. Yield of hard red spring wheat at four locations in Western North Dakota, 2004

 Variety

Minot
Yield

Williston
Yield

Dickinson
Yield

Hettinger
Yield

Avg, Western ND
Yield

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

2004

3 Yr.

 

---------------------------------------------------------------- Yield (bu/A) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

2375

78.3

70.0

58.9

54.1

--

--

--

--

--

--

AC Amazon

74.6

63.5

53.5

47.4

14.1

36.5

46.0

37.3

47.0

46.2

AC Glenavon

--

--

55.4

47.4

15.2

39.2

--

--

--

--

AC Superb

81.5

67.6

53.9

48.7

26.5

45.0

46.8

39.4

52.2

50.2

Alsen

76.1

66.4

60.5

52.2

27.5

44.9

41.7

37.5

51.4

50.3

Amidon

73.6

63.0

53.7

48.9

--

--

--

--

--

--

Banton

72.7

--

54.1

--

14.9

--

39.7

--

45.4

--

Briggs

83.4

69.4

57.0

50.6

24.1

42.1

49.4

39.5

53.5

50.4

Choteau

69.9

--

54.8

--

18.3

--

--

--

--

--

Dapps

65.7

61.1

52.2

46.0

11.5

38.3

46.5

35.9

44.0

45.3

Freyr

76.7

--

60.3

--

29.7

--

46.6

--

53.2

--

Grandin

71.1

61.9

52.4

48.0

--

--

--

--

--

--

Granger

75.2

--

61.9

--

26.7

--

--

--

--

--

Granite

73.1

62.8

57.1

50.9

29.7

42.5

46.2

37.8

51.5

48.5

Gunner

65.8

59.1

54.7

48.9

27.5

43.4

46.1

36.9

48.5

47.1

Hank

75.8

64.4

58.3

52.4

--

--

--

--

--

--

Hanna

78.3

65.8

56.7

49.7

31.9

46.1

47.8

37.8

53.7

49.8

HJ98

84.6

73.0

58.4

54.2

--

--

--

--

--

--

Ingot

76.5

66.3